What is Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)? - Wastewater Digest
WEBOct 27, 2021 · Sources of BOD. Sources of biological oxygen demand include leaves and woody debris; dead plants and animals; animal manure; effluents from pulp and paper mills, wastewater treatment plants, feedlots, and food-processing plants; failing septic systems; and urban storm water runoff.. One of the most important nutrients affecting BOD in aquatic systems — especially in recent times — is ...
What is Aeration for Wastewater Treatment?
WEBMar 17, 2022 · Aeration is an activated sludge process, promoting microbial growth in the wastewater. The microbes then feed on organic material, forming flocks which easily settle out. Once settled in a separate settling tank, bacteria forming the "activated sludge" flocks are continually recirculated back to the aeration basin, increasing decomposition rates.
What is Coagulation for Water Treatment? - Wastewater Digest
WEBMar 8, 2022 · Coagulation treatment is usually carried out before sedimentation and filtration. During the process, a coagulant is added to water, and its positive charge neutralizes the negative charge of suspended contaminants. Neutralization causes suspended particles to bind together (hence the term). In clumps known as “flocs”, these particles sink ...
What is Activated Sludge? - Wastewater Digest
WEBJun 17, 2021 · Cristina Tuser. Activated sludge refers to a flocculent culture of organisms developed in aeration tanks under controlled conditions, according to WEF. Activated sludge is typically brown in color. Activated sludge is also known as waste activated biosolids or waste activated solids. The sludge consists of a mixed blend of microorganisms, 95% ...
What is Total Suspended Solids (TSS)? - Wastewater Digest
WEBSep 9, 2021 · TSS stands for total suspended solids, and refers to waterborne particles that exceed 2 microns in size. Any particle that is smaller than 2 microns, on the other hand, is considered a total dissolved solid (TDS). The majority of total suspended solids comprise of inorganic materials; however, algae and bacteria may also be considered TSS.
What is Wastewater? | Wastewater Digest
WEBDec 1, 2021 · Wastewater is used water that has been affected by domestic, industrial and commercial use. The composition of all wastewaters is thus constantly changing and highly variable, which is why it is so difficult to pinpoint a singular definition of the word itself. The composition of wastewater is 99.9% water and the remaining 0.1% is what is removed.
What is a Pump Station? - Wastewater Digest
WEBApr 13, 2022 · A pump station works by collecting sewage or wastewater and storing it in a chamber. When the collected sewage reaches the maximum level, the sewage is lifted through a discharge system using a high-pressure integral pump. The liquid is then pumped into a sewage treatment works or gravity sewer. …
What is mixed liquor suspended solids? | Wastewater Digest
WEBSep 27, 2023 · Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) is the suspended solids in the mixed liquor of an aeration tank. Mixed liquor is the mixture of the chemical components from the wastewater and the microbial components from the activated sludge. Suspended solids are the solids found in the liquor that do not dissolve but are dispersed throughout the liquid.
What is Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)? - Wastewater Digest
WEBJul 12, 2021 · A total dissolved solids meter is a handheld device that can be used to give a TDS reading of a water source. Searches on line reveal TDS meters priced between $10 and $100, depending on the brand and the complexity of the device. Dissolved solids naturally increase water’s conductivity. A TDS meter, therefore, measures the conductivity of …
What is Flue Gas Desulfurization? - Wastewater Digest
WEBJan 4, 2022 · Flue gas desulfurization is the process of removing sulphur compounds from the exhaust emissions of fossil-fueled power stations. This is done through the addition of absorbents, which can remove up to 95% of the sulphur dioxide from the flue gas. Flue gas is the emitted material produced when fossil fuels such as coal, oil, natural gas, or ...